La racialización del afecto: una propuesta teórica
Palabras clave:
afecto, racialización, America latina, latinosResumen
No obstante el reciente auge de trabajos académicos acerca del afecto desde una variedad de disciplinas, se ha prestado escasa atención a la intersección del afecto y los procesos de racialización, ya sea en términos históricos o en contextos contemporáneos. Este artículo sitúa la articulación diacrónica entre raza y afecto –particularmente en términos de las vidas cotidianas y los contextos materiales político-económicos de las poblaciones con herencia latinoamericanos y caribeños– en los estudios antropológicos acerca de la “racialización” y trabajos académicos contemporaneos sobre el afecto. Basándonos en una amplia lectura de las construcciones científicas y populares del afecto entre las poblaciones latinoamericanas y de latinos en Estados Unidos, proponemos el concepto de “afecto racializado” para dar cuenta de las contradicciones inscritas en el estudio de raza y afecto, tanto por separado como en sus intersecciones. Resaltamos lo que percibimos como los dos principios básicos de nuestra intervención teórica: por un lado, un concepto de “afecto vulnerador” (liable affect) da como resultado una subjetividad simplificada, menoscabada, de las poblaciones racializadas y, por otro lado, un concepto de “afecto empoderante” (empowering affect) perpetúa la subjetividad afectiva privilegiada y matizada reservada frecuentemente para los blancos en los Estados Unidos y para las élites “blanqueadas” de Latinoamérica.
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