The present study is concerned with the scope and limitations of the term Anti-Semitism. I analyze how Anti-Semitism was employed to explain different historical periods, mainly Antiquity and the Middle Ages. I also present the notions of Anti-Judaism
and Judeophobia. Finally I analyze the hostility against the Jews during those historical periods in order to understand the specificity of each discourse and context. In the conclusions I suggest possible uses of the terms Anti-Semitism, Anti-Judaism and Xenophobia, according to each context.
